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Loening Model 23
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The Loening S-1 Flying Yacht, also called the Loening Model 23, was an early light monoplane seaplane designed in the United States by Grover Loening in the early 1920s.〔Taylor 1989, 609〕 The aircraft won the 1921 Collier Trophy.
==Design and development==
It was a high-wing, strut-braced monoplane with the engine mounted pusher-fashion in a nacelle atop the wing. The cabin was semi-enclosed, featuring side windows but no roof, and was located immediately ahead of the wing. Twin tails were fitted, carrying a common stabiliser in a high position. The construction was unusual, in that rather than the flying boat hull being integral with the fuselage, the Model 23's hull was a large, separate pontoon mounted directly underneath a fuselage that was a separate structure.〔"The Loening Model 23 Flying Boat"〕 This was intended to combine the safety of a floatplane design with the low parasitic drag of a conventional flying boat〔 Grover Loening was awarded the 1921 Aero Club of America Trophy for the design.〔Collier 1920-1929 winners〕 The fuel tank was located under the rear passenger seat.〔"The Loening Claim for the Collier Trophy." ''Aviation,'' January 30, 1922.〕 The prototype was tested with a new roll-control mechanism to replace ailerons using a small leading edge that extended and retracted outboard of the wing tips.〔"Loening tests new type of flight control for airplanes." ''Automotive Industries,'' December 14, 1922.〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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